Adult Dental Extraction
What is an Adult Dental Extraction?
Dental extraction is the removal of a tooth from its socket in the bone. In adults, this procedure may be necessary for teeth that are damaged, infected, impacted, or causing overcrowding. Extractions are commonly performed by a general dentist or an oral surgeon, depending on the complexity of the case.
There are two main types of extractions:
- Simple Extraction – For teeth that are visible and easily accessible.
- Surgical Extraction – For teeth that are broken, impacted, or beneath the gum line (e.g., wisdom teeth).
Why is a Tooth Extraction Needed in Adults?
Common reasons for adult tooth extraction include:
- Severe Tooth Decay or Damage – When a tooth cannot be restored with fillings, crowns, or root canal treatment.
- Gum Disease (Periodontitis) – Which weakens the tooth’s support structure.
- Impacted Teeth – Such as wisdom teeth that fail to erupt properly.
- Overcrowding – To create space for orthodontic treatment.
- Infection or Abscess – Especially when it spreads beyond the tooth.
- Fractured Teeth – That cannot be repaired.
- Failed Root Canal – When retreatment is not an option.
How is a Tooth Extraction Performed?
- Examination and Imaging:
- A thorough clinical exam and X-rays are taken to assess the tooth’s condition, root structure, and surrounding bone.
- Anesthesia:
- Local anesthesia numbs the area.
- Sedation or general anesthesia may be used for surgical or multiple extractions.
- Simple Extraction:
- The tooth is loosened using a dental instrument (elevator).
- Then it is carefully removed with forceps.
- Surgical Extraction:
- An incision is made in the gum.
- The tooth may be sectioned into pieces for easier removal.
- Stitches may be placed after the procedure.
- Post-Procedure:
- Gauze is placed to control bleeding.
- Instructions for aftercare are provided to ensure healing.
Aftercare Following Tooth Extraction
Proper care is essential for healing and preventing complications, such as dry socket:
- Bleeding:
- Bite firmly on gauze for 30–60 minutes after extraction.
- Avoid spitting or sucking (e.g., through straws) to prevent dislodging the clot.
- Pain and Swelling:
- Take prescribed or over-the-counter painkillers.
- Use an ice pack on the cheek for 10–20 minutes at a time during the first 24 hours.
- Oral Hygiene:
- Do not brush or rinse the mouth vigorously for the first 24 hours.
- Resume gentle brushing the next day, avoiding the extraction site.
- Diet:
- Eat soft foods and stay hydrated.
- Avoid hot, spicy, crunchy, or hard foods until healed.
- Rest:
- Limit physical activity for the first 24 hours.
- Follow-Up:
- Attend any scheduled post-op appointments, especially if sutures need removal or healing needs to be evaluated.
- Bleeding:
Possible Complications (Rare)
- Dry socket (loss of blood clot)
- Infection
- Swelling or bruising
- Prolonged bleeding or numbness
Contact your dentist if you notice severe pain, swelling, fever, or excessive bleeding.
Summary
Adult dental extraction is a common, safe procedure to remove unhealthy or problematic teeth. When performed with the right technique and followed by good aftercare, healing is usually smooth and complications are minimal. Your dentist will guide you through every step to ensure the best outcome for your oral health.
